Climate is the weather picture of a region within a relatively long period, while the weather is atmofser physical condition at the time and place. Atmofser situation illustrates the various elements of weather include temperature, precipitation, pressure, wind speed and direction, humidity and sunshine. Climate is usually not carried at all climate elements but use only two or three elements, which is considered to represent temperature and rainfall. The intensity of each element of the climate in each region is a result of the influence of climate factors. Recording time ago showed that the climate is always changing according to time. This change took place on various time scales with a very wide range of the scale of geological time (millions of years) until a small time scale (scale of historical time, thousands of years, the century time scale and time scale of hundreds of years). Climate will run normally, and when one parameter of the process to crash the climate will be disrupted. climate disruption, or more often referred to climate change is changing the climate conditions of their permanent condition in because there is an imbalance of one or several climatic parameters. Climate change can occur in various forms, such as heating temperature, floods, droughts and melting of the region due to warming global temperatures kriosfer. Some things that affect climate variations in nature,:
- Astronomical Factors : Changes in the surface of the earth's position relative to the sun causes of climate variations on the timescale of thousands of years
- Atmospheric Composition : In the Tertiary era and the Quartier, the climate is influenced by a decrease in the concentration of CO2 in the atmofser. if the comparison between the rate of decrease in CO2 concentration with changes in air temperature can be concluded that the natural effect of CO2 on the climate will be observed in the time interval over ten thousand years.
- Structure of the earth's surface : Changes in surface relief and shoreline changes affect the climate in a period of time over a hundred years until a million years
- Solar Constant : Variations of solar radiation affects climate above the time period of more than one hundred million years.
Human economic activity affects the climate, especially for the scale of space (area), a smaller but long-time scale. This is because they relate to changes in energy balance (heat) on the surface of the earth. These changes was evident in several major cities in Java. This is assumed to be associated with less human activity and industry that is growing in those cities, human activities and industry hot dense atmosphere causes the surface increases with the decrease in surface moisture due to the narrowness of green lands.
